Result of meiosis

The result obtained after division by meiosis is four cells (sometimes only one) with half the genetic information (n) of the parent cell. In addition, each daughter cell is different because the crossover homologous chromosome has allowed that genetic material and the resulting chromatids are all different exchanged.

Cells obtained in meiosis (n) can join other cells (gametes) and produce a new cell with a normal chromosome set (diploid, 2n).

The exchange of genetic material between different cells allows the offspring to be different from the parents. This genetic variability allows the possibility of adaptation of some organisms to the environment in which they live, being able to survive better those that are better adapted.

Gamete formation (gametogenesis)

Sex cells or gametes form in the gonads (ovaries and testes). In the gonads there are cells, the oogonia and spermatogonia, which are the stem cells (diploid, 2n) of the gametes (n, haploid). Gametes originate after division by meiosis of oogonia and spermatogonia.

Two types of gametogenesis are distinguished:

• Spermatogenesis. In the testes, the spermatogonia (2n) produce, by meiosis, four haploid cells (n) that, after a process of cell differentiation, will give rise to the male gametes or sperm (n). Two of the sperm will carry the X sex chromosome, and the other two, the Y.
• Oogenesis. In the ovaries, the oogonia (2n) produce, by meiosis, four haploid cells (n). One of these cells is the female gamete or ovum (n), which remains most of the cytoplasm, and the other three are polar corpuscles (n) that are not functional. All eggs carry the sex chromosome X.

If you have any doubts, surely now it is clarified with this nice video.