9.3.1.6. Climate change

Climate change

The global warming is increasing the average temperature of the earth caused by emissions of greenhouse gases produced by human activities.

The global warming is causing climate change in which, in addition to increasing the temperature, other changes are occurring as:

Sea level rise.
Melting of mountain glaciers.
Decrease in the frozen surface in Greenland and the Arctic.
Droughts, hurricanes, heavy rainfall, floods, heat waves, etc.
Change of habitat of animal and plant species.

But this climate change is not the only time that the climate has changed in Earth's history. In the Quaternary, for example, there have been four great glaciations that have alternated with other interglacial periods of warmer climate. Or in the Mesozoic, that the temperature was 5 ºC higher than the current average temperature. In both cases, the temperature only varied 5 ºC above and below the current temperature, and its effects were very noticeable.

These climatic changes had natural causes, such as variations in the Earth's orbit, variability of the energy emitted by the Sun, the distribution of the continents by Plate Tectonics, or volcanic activity, which caused the average temperature to change. But in current climate change, the main cause is the action of human being that is increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), oxides of nitrogen (NO_x) and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which retain part of the infrared radiation emitted by the Earth and increase its average temperature between 1.5 and 4.5 ºC.

The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change regularly assesses the state of climate change, its causes, impacts and possible responses.

Climate change is a very serious problem and, although there are some scientists who deny it, it seems necessary to take the necessary measures to avoid the increase in greenhouse gases.

Solutions for climate change

Some of the measures to take to avoid climate change are:

Improving technologies so that they are more efficient and emit fewer greenhouse gases in energy production.
Political, economic and social measures aimed at reducing gas emissions.
Reduce the consumption of fossil fuels and replace them with other renewable energy sources.
Establishment of energy saving plans.
Reforestation to capture carbon and reduce CO₂ from the atmosphere.
Protect forests and other ecosystems that capture CO₂ from the atmosphere.

On a personal level we can also contribute and avoid climate change.

Recycling waste. This consumes less energy than producing them again.
If we shower instead of bathing, in addition to saving water, we save energy to heat it.
Turn off the lights if they are not needed.
Use energy saving light bulbs.
Do not leave the television, the mobile charger, and other electrical appliances on standby.
Buy appliances with the European energy efficiency label "A".
Not having the heating too high. Raising the temperature 1 ºC implies a lot more energy expenditure.
Use public transport, bicycle or get around on foot.

Consequences of climate change

The climate change affects all parts of the world. At the moment, the polar caps are melting and the sea level is rising. The climate in other regions is becoming more extreme, with major floods or major droughts and heat waves. The effects of climate change are likely to be greater in the coming years.

Some of the consequences of climate change are:

Melting of the polar ice caps that is causing a rise in sea level. This causes flooding in coastal areas and the disappearance of some islands (Polynesia).
The cold and fresh water from the melting of the polar ice caps can change the dynamics of ocean currents, which have a regulatory role in climate.
Desertification due to the increase in temperature, in addition to increasing the risk of fires.
Some animal and plant species have problems adapting to new environmental conditions. Some species have moved to other habitats that, until now, they did not occupy.
Appearance of tropical diseases in places where they occurred.
High economic cost in sectors such as agriculture, forestry, energy and tourism, which in turn, affects the rest.

Answer in your notebook

9.5.- There is much talk about "climate change" in the media. Briefly explain what it is and express your personal opinion on climate change.

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Skip navigation Biology and Geology 4th ESO Biology and Geology 4º ESO 1. The cell 1.1. Levels of organization of living beings 1.2. Cell theory 1.3. The cell 1.3.1. Prokaryotic cell 1.3.2. Eukaryotic cell 1.3.2.1. Common organelles 1.3.2.2. Organelles of the animal cell 1.3.2.3. Plant cell organelles 1.4. Cell nucleus 1.5. Vital functions of cells 1.6. Cellular cycle 1.6.1. Mitosis 1.6.1.1. Cytokinesis 1.6.2. Meiosis 1.6.2.1. Meiosis I. First meiotic division 1.6.2.2. Meiosis II. Second meiotic division 1.6.2.3. Result of meiosis 1.6.3. Differences between mitosis and meiosis 1.6.4. Biological importance of mitosis and meiosis 1.7. Bibliography 2. Genetic information 2.1. Nucleic acids 2.1.1. DNA 2.1.2. RNA 2.1.3. Control of protein synthesis 2.2. DNA and molecular genetics 2.3. Gene concept 2.4. Replication of DNA 2.5. DNA to RNA transcription 2.6. Genetic code 2.7. Translation of RNA to proteins 2.8. Mutations Relations with evolution 2.9. Biotechnology 2.10. Genetic engineering: techniques and applications 2.10.1. Cloning 2.10.2. Human Genome Project 2.11. Bioethics 2.12. Bibliography 3. Biological inheritance 3.1. The inheritance and transmission of characters 3.2. Introduction and development of Mendel's Laws 3.2.1. Mendel's First Law 3.2.2. Mendel's second law 3.2.3. Mendel's third law 3.3. Chromosomal basis of Mendel's Laws 3.3.1. Exceptions to Mendel's Laws 3.3.2. Chromosomal theory of heredity 3.3.3. Genetics concepts 3.3.4. Types of inheritance 3.4. Human genetics 3.4.1. Inheritance of blood groups 3.4.2. Sex inheritance 3.4.3. Sex-linked inheritance 3.4.4. Heredity influenced by sex 3.5. Genetics problems 3.5.1. Inheritance of a character (problems solved) 3.5.1.1. Albinism (problems solved) 3.5.1.2. Rh groups (problems solved) 3.5.1.3. Eye color (problems solved) 3.5.1.4. More inheritance problems of a character 3.5.1.5. More inheritance problems of a character 3.5.1.6. More inheritance problems of a character 3.5.1.7. More inheritance problems of a character 3.5.2. Two-character inheritance (problems solved) 3.5.2.1. More two-character genetic inheritance solved problems 2 3.5.2.2. More two-character genetic inheritance solved problems 3 3.5.2.3. More two-character genetic inheritance solved problems 4 3.5.2.4. More two-character genetic inheritance solved problems 5 3.5.3. Codominance and intermediate inheritance (problems solved) 3.5.3.1. More codominance and intermediate inheritance problems 2 3.5.4. Sex-linked inheritance (problems solved) 3.5.4.1. Color blindness or daltonism (problems solved) 3.5.4.1.1. More color blindness problems or daltonism 3.5.4.2. Hemophilia (problems solved) 3.5.4.3. Sex-linked inheritance (two characters) 3.5.4.4. More sex-linked inheritance problems 3.5.5. Sex-influenced inheritance (problems solved) 3.5.6. Multiple alleles (problems solved) 3.5.6.1 AB0 blood groups (problems solved) 3.5.6.1.1. More AB0 blood group problems solved 2 3.5.6.1.2. More AB0 blood group problems solved 3 3.5.7. Genealogical trees 3.5.7.1. Family Trees 2 3.5.7.2. Family Trees 3 3.6. Bibliography 4. Origin and evolution of living beings 4.1. Hypothesis about the origin of life on Earth 4.2. Evolution of living beings 4.3. Theories of evolution 4.3.1. Lamarck 4.3.2. Darwin and Wallace 4.3.3. Neo-Darwinism 4.3.4. Other evolutionary theories 4.4. Evidences of evolution 4.4.1. Anatomical evidence of evolution 4.4.2. Embryological evidence of evolution 4.4.3. Paleontological evidence of evolution 4.4.4. Biogeographic evidence of evolution 4.4.5. Biochemical evidence of evolution 4.5. Mechanisms of evolution 4.5.1. Genetic variability 4.5.2. Natural selection 4.5.3. Consequences of evolution 4.5.3.1. Adaptation of organisms 4.5.3.2. Speciation 4.5.3.3. Species diversification 4.6. Human evolution: process of hominization 4.6.1. Primates 4.6.2. Hominids 4.6.3. The human being 4.7. Bibliography 5. The history of the Earth 5.1. The origin of the Earth 5.2. Earth, a changing planet 5.3. Geological time: historical ideas about the age of the Earth 5.4. Dating methods 5.4.1. Relative dating 5.4.1.1. Geological history exercises - relative dating 5.4.2. Absolute dating 5.5. Fossils 5.5.1. Fossils in Aragon 5.6. Geological history of the Earth 5.6.1. Precambrian 5.6.2. Phanerozoic 5.6.2.1. Paleozoic 5.6.2.2. Mesozoic 5.6.2.3. Cenozoic 5.7. Bibliography 6. Structure and dynamics of the Earth 6.1. Earth study methods 6.1.1. Seismic discontinuities 6.2. Structure and composition of the Earth 6.2.1. Geochemical model 6.2.2. Dynamic model 6.3. Bibliography 7. Plate tectonics 7.1. From continental drift to plate tectonics 7.1.1. Wegener continental drift 7.2. Plate Tectonics and its manifestations 7.2.1. Lithospheric plates 7.2.2. Oceanic ridges 7.2.2.1. Expansion of the ocean floor 7.2.3. Ocean trenches 7.2.4. Transforming faults 7.2.5. Formation of mountain ranges 7.3. The Wilson cycle 7.4. Rock deformation 7.4.1. Folds 7.4.2. Faults 7.4.3. Joints 7.4.4. Mixed structures 7.5. Bibliography 8. Ecosystems 8.1. Ecosystem structure 8.1.1. Types of ecosystems 8.1.1.1. Aquatic ecosystems 8.1.1.2. Terrestrial ecosystems 8.1.1.2.1. Urban ecosystems 8.2. Components of the ecosystem: community and biotope 8.2.1. Biotope 8.2.2. Biocenosis or community 8.3. Habitat and ecological niche 8.4. Limiting factors and adaptations 8.5. Tolerance limit 8.6. Trophic levels 8.7. Trophic relationships: chains and networks 8.8. Ecological pyramids 8.9. Self-regulation of the ecosystem, the population and the community 8.9.1. Intra and interspecific relationships 8.10. Matter cycle and energy flow 8.11. Biogeochemical cycles 8.11.1. Carbon cycle 8.11.2. Nitrogen cycle 8.11.3. Phosphorus cycle 8.12. Ecological successions 8.13. Bibliography 9. Resources and environmental impacts 9.1. Human activity and the environment 9.2. Natural resources and their types 9.3. Environmental impacts 9.3.1. Pollution of the atmosphere 9.3.1.1. Air pollutants 9.3.1.2. Acid rain 9.3.1.3. The smog 9.3.1.4. Ozone layer hole 9.3.1.5. Increased greenhouse effect 9.3.1.6. Climate change 9.3.2. Noise pollution 9.3.3. Light pollution 9.3.4. Water contamination 9.3.4.1. Water pollutants 9.3.4.2. Water eutrophication 9.3.4.3. Aquifer reduction 9.4. Soil 9.4.1. Soil contamination 9.5. Main environmental problems of Aragon 9.6. Overpopulation and its consequences 9.7. Waste and its management 9.8. Bibliography and student work « Previous \| Next » 9.3.1.6. Climate change Climate change The global warming is increasing the average temperature of the earth caused by emissions of greenhouse gases produced by human activities. The global warming is causing climate change in which, in addition to increasing the temperature, other changes are occurring as: Sea level rise. Melting of mountain glaciers. Decrease in the frozen surface in Greenland and the Arctic. Droughts, hurricanes, heavy rainfall, floods, heat waves, etc. Change of habitat of animal and plant species. But this climate change is not the only time that the climate has changed in Earth's history. In the Quaternary, for example, there have been four great glaciations that have alternated with other interglacial periods of warmer climate. Or in the Mesozoic, that the temperature was 5 ºC higher than the current average temperature. In both cases, the temperature only varied 5 ºC above and below the current temperature, and its effects were very noticeable. These climatic changes had natural causes, such as variations in the Earth's orbit, variability of the energy emitted by the Sun, the distribution of the continents by Plate Tectonics, or volcanic activity, which caused the average temperature to change. But in current climate change, the main cause is the action of human being that is increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), oxides of nitrogen (NO_x) and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which retain part of the infrared radiation emitted by the Earth and increase its average temperature between 1.5 and 4.5 ºC. The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change regularly assesses the state of climate change, its causes, impacts and possible responses. Climate change is a very serious problem and, although there are some scientists who deny it, it seems necessary to take the necessary measures to avoid the increase in greenhouse gases. También llamado Panel Intergubernamental del Cambio Climático, conocido por el acrónimo en inglés IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) Solutions for climate change Some of the measures to take to avoid climate change are: Improving technologies so that they are more efficient and emit fewer greenhouse gases in energy production. Political, economic and social measures aimed at reducing gas emissions. Reduce the consumption of fossil fuels and replace them with other renewable energy sources. Establishment of energy saving plans. Reforestation to capture carbon and reduce CO₂ from the atmosphere. Protect forests and other ecosystems that capture CO₂ from the atmosphere. On a personal level we can also contribute and avoid climate change. Recycling waste. This consumes less energy than producing them again. If we shower instead of bathing, in addition to saving water, we save energy to heat it. Turn off the lights if they are not needed. Use energy saving light bulbs. Do not leave the television, the mobile charger, and other electrical appliances on standby. Buy appliances with the European energy efficiency label "A". Not having the heating too high. Raising the temperature 1 ºC implies a lot more energy expenditure. Use public transport, bicycle or get around on foot. Consequences of climate change The climate change affects all parts of the world. At the moment, the polar caps are melting and the sea level is rising. The climate in other regions is becoming more extreme, with major floods or major droughts and heat waves. The effects of climate change are likely to be greater in the coming years. Some of the consequences of climate change are: Melting of the polar ice caps that is causing a rise in sea level. This causes flooding in coastal areas and the disappearance of some islands (Polynesia). The cold and fresh water from the melting of the polar ice caps can change the dynamics of ocean currents, which have a regulatory role in climate. Desertification due to the increase in temperature, in addition to increasing the risk of fires. Some animal and plant species have problems adapting to new environmental conditions. Some species have moved to other habitats that, until now, they did not occupy. Appearance of tropical diseases in places where they occurred. High economic cost in sectors such as agriculture, forestry, energy and tourism, which in turn, affects the rest. Answer in your notebook 9.5.- There is much talk about "climate change" in the media. Briefly explain what it is and express your personal opinion on climate change. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike License 4.0 « Previous \| Next » You can ask, comment, contribute, get in touch with other users in the forum of this course. This course is translated from https://biologia-geologia.com/BG4/
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Climate change

Solutions for climate change

Consequences of climate change