3.5.1.1. Albinism (problems solved)

Inheritance of albinism. Autosomal recessive inheritance. (Page 2)

As we have already seen, albinism is caused by a recessive allele that only manifests itself in the genotype when it is homozygous. With this simulator you can practice to see what the possible offspring would be like as you assign the parents the phenotype of normal, carrier or albino people.

By Felipe Fernandes [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons

Curiosity: Son of the Moon

Surely you have heard the song by Mecano entitled Son of the Moon many times but you have not heard it as you are going to do it now.

Fool who does not understand

the history tells

than a gypsy female

conjured the moon until dawn

crying he asked

when the day arrives

marry a calé.

You will have your man brown skin

the full moon spoke from the sky

but in return I want

son first

that you father him

that who his son immolates

not to be alone

little was going to love him.

chorus:

Luna you want to be a mother

and you can't find wanting

make you a woman

tell me silver moon

what do you intend to do

with a skin boy ah-aaah ah-aah

Child of the moon.

From a cinnamon father a child was born

white as the back of an ermine

with gray eyes

instead of olive

albino moon child

damn his stamp

this son is from a payo

and I don't shut up.

chorus

Gypsy believing himself dishonored

he went to his wife knife in hand

Whose son is it?

you have cheated on me fixed

and to death he wounded her

then he went to the mountain

with the child in her arms

and there he left him.

chorus

And on nights when there is a full moon

It will be because the child is in good spirits

and if the child cries

the moon will wane

to make him a crib

and if the child cries

the moon will wane

to make a crib for him.

José María Cano (1988)

This legend tells of the tragedy that happened to a gypsy woman who made a pact with the Moon. The two felt a deep loneliness and reached an agreement that the woman would accept a man who loves her who would send her the Moon, but in return, the woman would give her the first child she had with her husband.

The two gypsies marry and the child is born as a result of that marriage, his parents are surprised because the child was not born with the same racial traits as his parents, but rather an albino. According to the lyrics of the song, the child was born "white as the back of an ermine and with gray eyes, an albino moon child", despite the fact that his parents were dark-skinned and dark-eyed. The gypsy, the boy's father, does not accept that he is his son, denies paternity and confronts his wife, accusing her of having been unfaithful to him with a payo (not a gypsy), after which he stabs her and lets her die; Later, she takes the child in her arms and takes him to the mountain where she leaves him so that he also dies. Later, it will be the Moon that takes care of him, the one that will become his mother.

In addition to this legend, we should also remember the drama suffered by albinos in some areas of Africa.

Genetics problem 11

A couple has an albino son. Neither parent has this characteristic. Explain how this can happen and suggest the possible parental genotype for that gene. What proportion of albino and non-albino offspring can be expected in the offspring?

Genetics problem 12

How can they be the children of an albino who marries a normal woman without a family history of albinism?

Genetics problem 13

How can they be the children of an albino who marries a normal woman whose father was an albino?

Genetics problem 14

Albinism is caused by a recessive allele a.

a) What are the phenotypes and genotypes of the F2 resulting from the crossing of an albino father and a normal non-carrier mother (assuming they were not human)?

b) What if the mother was a carrier?

Feedback

a) Albino father (aa) x Healthy non-carrier mother (AA)

Parents: aa x AA

F1: Aa (100% normal)

Junction 2: Aa x Aa

Gametes: A a A a

F2: AA Aa Aa aa
Phenotype: normal 75%, albino 25%.

b) Albino father (aa) x Healthy carrier mother (Aa)

Parents: aa x Aa

Gametes: a A a

F1: Aa (50% normal carriers) aa (50% color blind)
Three possible crosses can be made:

Aa x Aa: AA, 2Aa, aa.

Aa x aa: 2Aa, 2aa

aa x aa: 4aa

F2: 5/12 normal (4/12 carriers), and 7/12 albinos.

Genetics problem 15

Albinism is an autosomal recessive character (a) with respect to normal pigmentation (A). Indicate what the descendants would be that an albino man would have in the following cases:

a) with a woman with homozygous normal pigmentation;

b) with a woman of normal pigmentation whose mother was albino;

c) with a woman with normal pigmentation, one of whose grandparents was heterozygous.

Reason the answers representing the diagrams of the possible crosses.

Feedback

a) with a woman with homozygous normal pigmentation;

P aa x AA

Gametes a A

F1 Aa

All offspring are heterozygous and normally pigmented.

b) with a woman of normal pigmentation whose mother was albino;

P aa x Aa

Gametes a A a

F1 Aa aa

Half of the descent will be heterozygous, with normal pigmentation, and the other half will be albino.

c) with a woman with normal pigmentation, one of whose grandparents was heterozygous.

That a grandfather was heterozygous does not imply that she is also heterozygous, so the woman can be AA homozygous or Aa heterozygous, so the crosses could be as in section a and b.

Genetics problem 16

Heterozygous normal color mice are crossed, where the N gene (normal color) is dominant over the n gene (albino).

a. What proportion of the offspring will be of normal coloration? List the genotypes.
b. From an offspring of 12 mice, how many do we expect to be homozygous?

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Skip navigation Biology and Geology 4th ESO Biology and Geology 4º ESO 1. The cell 1.1. Levels of organization of living beings 1.2. Cell theory 1.3. The cell 1.3.1. Prokaryotic cell 1.3.2. Eukaryotic cell 1.3.2.1. Common organelles 1.3.2.2. Organelles of the animal cell 1.3.2.3. Plant cell organelles 1.4. Cell nucleus 1.5. Vital functions of cells 1.6. Cellular cycle 1.6.1. Mitosis 1.6.1.1. Cytokinesis 1.6.2. Meiosis 1.6.2.1. Meiosis I. First meiotic division 1.6.2.2. Meiosis II. Second meiotic division 1.6.2.3. Result of meiosis 1.6.3. Differences between mitosis and meiosis 1.6.4. Biological importance of mitosis and meiosis 1.7. Bibliography 2. Genetic information 2.1. Nucleic acids 2.1.1. DNA 2.1.2. RNA 2.1.3. Control of protein synthesis 2.2. DNA and molecular genetics 2.3. Gene concept 2.4. Replication of DNA 2.5. DNA to RNA transcription 2.6. Genetic code 2.7. Translation of RNA to proteins 2.8. Mutations Relations with evolution 2.9. Biotechnology 2.10. Genetic engineering: techniques and applications 2.10.1. Cloning 2.10.2. Human Genome Project 2.11. Bioethics 2.12. Bibliography 3. Biological inheritance 3.1. The inheritance and transmission of characters 3.2. Introduction and development of Mendel's Laws 3.2.1. Mendel's First Law 3.2.2. Mendel's second law 3.2.3. Mendel's third law 3.3. Chromosomal basis of Mendel's Laws 3.3.1. Exceptions to Mendel's Laws 3.3.2. Chromosomal theory of heredity 3.3.3. Genetics concepts 3.3.4. Types of inheritance 3.4. Human genetics 3.4.1. Inheritance of blood groups 3.4.2. Sex inheritance 3.4.3. Sex-linked inheritance 3.4.4. Heredity influenced by sex 3.5. Genetics problems 3.5.1. Inheritance of a character (problems solved) 3.5.1.1. Albinism (problems solved) 3.5.1.2. Rh groups (problems solved) 3.5.1.3. Eye color (problems solved) 3.5.1.4. More inheritance problems of a character 3.5.1.5. More inheritance problems of a character 3.5.1.6. More inheritance problems of a character 3.5.1.7. More inheritance problems of a character 3.5.2. Two-character inheritance (problems solved) 3.5.2.1. More two-character genetic inheritance solved problems 2 3.5.2.2. More two-character genetic inheritance solved problems 3 3.5.2.3. More two-character genetic inheritance solved problems 4 3.5.2.4. More two-character genetic inheritance solved problems 5 3.5.3. Codominance and intermediate inheritance (problems solved) 3.5.3.1. More codominance and intermediate inheritance problems 2 3.5.4. Sex-linked inheritance (problems solved) 3.5.4.1. Color blindness or daltonism (problems solved) 3.5.4.1.1. More color blindness problems or daltonism 3.5.4.2. Hemophilia (problems solved) 3.5.4.3. Sex-linked inheritance (two characters) 3.5.4.4. More sex-linked inheritance problems 3.5.5. Sex-influenced inheritance (problems solved) 3.5.6. Multiple alleles (problems solved) 3.5.6.1 AB0 blood groups (problems solved) 3.5.6.1.1. More AB0 blood group problems solved 2 3.5.6.1.2. More AB0 blood group problems solved 3 3.5.7. Genealogical trees 3.5.7.1. Family Trees 2 3.5.7.2. Family Trees 3 3.6. Bibliography 4. Origin and evolution of living beings 4.1. Hypothesis about the origin of life on Earth 4.2. Evolution of living beings 4.3. Theories of evolution 4.3.1. Lamarck 4.3.2. Darwin and Wallace 4.3.3. Neo-Darwinism 4.3.4. Other evolutionary theories 4.4. Evidences of evolution 4.4.1. Anatomical evidence of evolution 4.4.2. Embryological evidence of evolution 4.4.3. Paleontological evidence of evolution 4.4.4. Biogeographic evidence of evolution 4.4.5. Biochemical evidence of evolution 4.5. Mechanisms of evolution 4.5.1. Genetic variability 4.5.2. Natural selection 4.5.3. Consequences of evolution 4.5.3.1. Adaptation of organisms 4.5.3.2. Speciation 4.5.3.3. Species diversification 4.6. Human evolution: process of hominization 4.6.1. Primates 4.6.2. Hominids 4.6.3. The human being 4.7. Bibliography 5. The history of the Earth 5.1. The origin of the Earth 5.2. Earth, a changing planet 5.3. Geological time: historical ideas about the age of the Earth 5.4. Dating methods 5.4.1. Relative dating 5.4.1.1. Geological history exercises - relative dating 5.4.2. Absolute dating 5.5. Fossils 5.5.1. Fossils in Aragon 5.6. Geological history of the Earth 5.6.1. Precambrian 5.6.2. Phanerozoic 5.6.2.1. Paleozoic 5.6.2.2. Mesozoic 5.6.2.3. Cenozoic 5.7. Bibliography 6. Structure and dynamics of the Earth 6.1. Earth study methods 6.1.1. Seismic discontinuities 6.2. Structure and composition of the Earth 6.2.1. Geochemical model 6.2.2. Dynamic model 6.3. Bibliography 7. Plate tectonics 7.1. From continental drift to plate tectonics 7.1.1. Wegener continental drift 7.2. Plate Tectonics and its manifestations 7.2.1. Lithospheric plates 7.2.2. Oceanic ridges 7.2.2.1. Expansion of the ocean floor 7.2.3. Ocean trenches 7.2.4. Transforming faults 7.2.5. Formation of mountain ranges 7.3. The Wilson cycle 7.4. Rock deformation 7.4.1. Folds 7.4.2. Faults 7.4.3. Joints 7.4.4. Mixed structures 7.5. Bibliography 8. Ecosystems 8.1. Ecosystem structure 8.1.1. Types of ecosystems 8.1.1.1. Aquatic ecosystems 8.1.1.2. Terrestrial ecosystems 8.1.1.2.1. Urban ecosystems 8.2. Components of the ecosystem: community and biotope 8.2.1. Biotope 8.2.2. Biocenosis or community 8.3. Habitat and ecological niche 8.4. Limiting factors and adaptations 8.5. Tolerance limit 8.6. Trophic levels 8.7. Trophic relationships: chains and networks 8.8. Ecological pyramids 8.9. Self-regulation of the ecosystem, the population and the community 8.9.1. Intra and interspecific relationships 8.10. Matter cycle and energy flow 8.11. Biogeochemical cycles 8.11.1. Carbon cycle 8.11.2. Nitrogen cycle 8.11.3. Phosphorus cycle 8.12. Ecological successions 8.13. Bibliography 9. Resources and environmental impacts 9.1. Human activity and the environment 9.2. Natural resources and their types 9.3. Environmental impacts 9.3.1. Pollution of the atmosphere 9.3.1.1. Air pollutants 9.3.1.2. Acid rain 9.3.1.3. The smog 9.3.1.4. Ozone layer hole 9.3.1.5. Increased greenhouse effect 9.3.1.6. Climate change 9.3.2. Noise pollution 9.3.3. Light pollution 9.3.4. Water contamination 9.3.4.1. Water pollutants 9.3.4.2. Water eutrophication 9.3.4.3. Aquifer reduction 9.4. Soil 9.4.1. Soil contamination 9.5. Main environmental problems of Aragon 9.6. Overpopulation and its consequences 9.7. Waste and its management 9.8. Bibliography and student work « Previous \| Next » 3.5.1.1. Albinism (problems solved) Inheritance of albinism. Autosomal recessive inheritance. (Page 2) As we have already seen, albinism is caused by a recessive allele that only manifests itself in the genotype when it is homozygous. With this simulator you can practice to see what the possible offspring would be like as you assign the parents the phenotype of normal, carrier or albino people. By Felipe Fernandes [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons Curiosity: Son of the Moon Surely you have heard the song by Mecano entitled Son of the Moon many times but you have not heard it as you are going to do it now. Fool who does not understand the history tells than a gypsy female conjured the moon until dawn crying he asked when the day arrives marry a calé. You will have your man brown skin the full moon spoke from the sky but in return I want son first that you father him that who his son immolates not to be alone little was going to love him. chorus: Luna you want to be a mother and you can't find wanting make you a woman tell me silver moon what do you intend to do with a skin boy ah-aaah ah-aah Child of the moon. From a cinnamon father a child was born white as the back of an ermine with gray eyes instead of olive albino moon child damn his stamp this son is from a payo and I don't shut up. chorus Gypsy believing himself dishonored he went to his wife knife in hand Whose son is it? you have cheated on me fixed and to death he wounded her then he went to the mountain with the child in her arms and there he left him. chorus And on nights when there is a full moon It will be because the child is in good spirits and if the child cries the moon will wane to make him a crib and if the child cries the moon will wane to make a crib for him. José María Cano (1988) This legend tells of the tragedy that happened to a gypsy woman who made a pact with the Moon. The two felt a deep loneliness and reached an agreement that the woman would accept a man who loves her who would send her the Moon, but in return, the woman would give her the first child she had with her husband. The two gypsies marry and the child is born as a result of that marriage, his parents are surprised because the child was not born with the same racial traits as his parents, but rather an albino. According to the lyrics of the song, the child was born "white as the back of an ermine and with gray eyes, an albino moon child", despite the fact that his parents were dark-skinned and dark-eyed. The gypsy, the boy's father, does not accept that he is his son, denies paternity and confronts his wife, accusing her of having been unfaithful to him with a payo (not a gypsy), after which he stabs her and lets her die; Later, she takes the child in her arms and takes him to the mountain where she leaves him so that he also dies. Later, it will be the Moon that takes care of him, the one that will become his mother. In addition to this legend, we should also remember the drama suffered by albinos in some areas of Africa. Genetics problem 11 A couple has an albino son. Neither parent has this characteristic. Explain how this can happen and suggest the possible parental genotype for that gene. What proportion of albino and non-albino offspring can be expected in the offspring? Feedback If the parents are not albinos and they have an albino child, the albinism has to be a trait due to a recessive gene. Parents will have to be heterozygous (Aa) in order to have an albino child (aa) Parents: Aa X Aa Gametes: A a A a F1: AA Aa Aa aa 75% normal 25% albino Genetics problem 12 How can they be the children of an albino who marries a normal woman without a family history of albinism? Feedback Parents: Father aa x Mother AA Gametes: a A Children: Aa 100% normal, although carriers. Genetics problem 13 How can they be the children of an albino who marries a normal woman whose father was an albino? Feedback Parents: Albino (aa) x Normal carrier (Aa), since her father was albino (aa) and had to pass on the a. Gametes: a A a Children: 50% Aa (normal carriers) and 50% aa (albinos) Genetics problem 14 Albinism is caused by a recessive allele a. a) What are the phenotypes and genotypes of the F2 resulting from the crossing of an albino father and a normal non-carrier mother (assuming they were not human)? b) What if the mother was a carrier? Feedback a) Albino father (aa) x Healthy non-carrier mother (AA) Parents: aa x AA F1: Aa (100% normal) Junction 2: Aa x Aa Gametes: A a A a F2: AA Aa Aa aa Phenotype: normal 75%, albino 25%. b) Albino father (aa) x Healthy carrier mother (Aa) Parents: aa x Aa Gametes: a A a F1: Aa (50% normal carriers) aa (50% color blind) Three possible crosses can be made: Aa x Aa: AA, 2Aa, aa. Aa x aa: 2Aa, 2aa aa x aa: 4aa F2: 5/12 normal (4/12 carriers), and 7/12 albinos. Genetics problem 15 Albinism is an autosomal recessive character (a) with respect to normal pigmentation (A). Indicate what the descendants would be that an albino man would have in the following cases: a) with a woman with homozygous normal pigmentation; b) with a woman of normal pigmentation whose mother was albino; c) with a woman with normal pigmentation, one of whose grandparents was heterozygous. Reason the answers representing the diagrams of the possible crosses. Feedback a) with a woman with homozygous normal pigmentation; P aa x AA Gametes a A F1 Aa All offspring are heterozygous and normally pigmented. b) with a woman of normal pigmentation whose mother was albino; P aa x Aa Gametes a A a F1 Aa aa Half of the descent will be heterozygous, with normal pigmentation, and the other half will be albino. c) with a woman with normal pigmentation, one of whose grandparents was heterozygous. That a grandfather was heterozygous does not imply that she is also heterozygous, so the woman can be AA homozygous or Aa heterozygous, so the crosses could be as in section a and b. Genetics problem 16 Heterozygous normal color mice are crossed, where the N gene (normal color) is dominant over the n gene (albino). a. What proportion of the offspring will be of normal coloration? List the genotypes. b. From an offspring of 12 mice, how many do we expect to be homozygous? Feedback P: Nn x Nn Gametes: N n N n F1 NN Nn Nn nn 75% normal 25% albino b) If the offspring is 12 mice: 1/4, will be homozygous dominant NN, normal: 3 1/4, will be homozygous recessive, albinos: 3 Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike License 4.0 « Previous \| Next » You can ask, comment, contribute, get in touch with other users in the forum of this course. This course is translated from https://biologia-geologia.com/BG4/
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Inheritance of albinism. Autosomal recessive inheritance. (Page 2)

Curiosity: Son of the Moon

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