BLOCK 3: Genetics and evolution
CONTENTS: Molecular or chemical genetics of heredity. Identification of DNA as the carrier of genetic information. Gene concept. DNA replication. Stages of replication. Differences between the replicative process between eukaryotes and prokaryotes. The RNA. Types and functions. The expression of genes. Genetic transcription and translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The genetic code in genetic information. Mutations. Types. Mutagenic agents. Mutations and cancer. Implications of mutations in the evolution and appearance of new species. Genetic engineering Current main lines of research. Genetically modified organisms. Genome project: Social repercussions and ethical evaluations of genetic manipulation and new gene therapies. Mendelian genetics. Chromosomal theory of heredity. Sex determinism and sex-linked inheritance influenced by sex. Evidence of the evolutionary process. Darwinism and Neo-Darwinism: The Synthetic Theory of Evolution. Natural selection Beginning. Mutation, recombination and adaptation. Evolution and biodiversity.
Crit.BI.3.1. Analyze the role of DNA as a carrier of genetic information. FCTC-CCL
Crit.BI.3.2. Distinguish the stages of replication by differentiating the enzymes involved in it. FCTC
Crit.BI.3.3. Establish the relationship of DNA with protein synthesis. FCTC
Crit.BI.3.4. Determine the characteristics and functions of RNAs. FCTC
Est.BI.3.4.1. It differentiates the types of RNA, as well as the function of each one of them in the transcription and translation processes.
Crit.BI.3.5. Elaborate and interpret diagrams of the replication, transcription and translation processes. FCTC-CCL
Est.BI.3.5.1 -Est.BI.3.5.3. Interprets and explains diagrams of the replication, transcription and translation processes, identifying, distinguishing and differentiating the main enzymes related to these processes.
Crit.BI.3.6. Define the concept of mutation distinguishing the main types and mutagenic agents. FCTC-CCL
Est.BI.3.6.1. Describes the concept of mutation establishing its relationship with failures in the transmission of genetic information.
Est.BI.3.6.2. Classify mutations by identifying the most common mutagenic agents.
Crit.BI.3.7. Contrast the relationship between mutation and cancer. FCTC
Est.BI.3.7.1. Associates the relationship between the mutation and cancer, determining the risks involved in some mutagenic agents.
Crit.BI.3.8. Develop the most recent advances in the field of genetic engineering, as well as its applications. FCTC-CAA
Est.BI.3.8.1. It summarizes and conducts research on the techniques developed in genetic manipulation processes to obtain transgenic organisms.
Crit.BI.3 9. Analyze progress in the knowledge of the human genome and its influence on new treatments. FCTC-CSC
Est.BI.3.9.1. It recognizes the most recent discoveries about the human genome and its applications in genetic engineering, assessing their ethical and social implications.
Crit.BI.3.10. Formulate the principles of Mendelian Genetics, applying the laws of inheritance in problem solving and FCTC
Est.BI.3.10.1. Analyze and predict by applying the principles of Mendelian genetics, the results of exercises of transmission of autosomal traits, traits linked to sex and influenced by sex.
Crit.BI.3.11. Differentiate different evidences of the evolutionary process. FCTC
Est.BI.3.11.1. It argues different evidences that demonstrate the evolutionary fact.
Crit.BI.3.12. Recognize, differentiate and distinguish the principles of Darwinian and neo-Darwinian theory. FCTC
Est.BI.3.12.1. Identify the principles of Darwinian and Neo-Darwinian theory, comparing their differences.
Crit.BI.3.13. Relate genotype and gene frequencies with population genetics and their influence on evolution. FCTC
Est.BI.3.13.1. Distinguish the factors that influence gene frequencies.
Est.BI.3.13.2. Understand and apply gene frequency study models in private research and in theoretical models.
Crit.BI.3.14. Recognize the importance of mutation and recombination. FCTC
Crit.BI.3.15. Analyze the factors that increase biodiversity and their influence on the speciation process. FCTC
Est.BI.3.14.1. It illustrates the relationship between mutation and recombination, the increase in diversity and its influence on the evolution of living beings.
Est.BI.3.15.1. Distinguish types of speciation, identifying the factors that enable the segregation of an original species into two different species.