Types of volcanoes
The following types of volcanoes can be distinguished:
Biology and Geology 3rd compulsory secondary education
15.2.1. Types of volcanoes
Hawaiian type
This type of volcano emits a very fluid lava, without explosive eruptions, since the gases escape easily. The volcano is shaped like a shield, since as lava is very fluid, it easily slides over the slope of the volcano, covering a large area before solidifying. Therefore, these volcanoes have a low slope, being much more extensive than high .
The lava is emitted over 1000 °C temperature. As the explosivity is low, the greatest risk is lava flows, which can bury cities, roads, etc. Example: Kilauea volcano.
Strombolian or mixed type
There is alternation of expelled materials, forming a volcanic cone (strattovolcano) stratified with fluid lavas and pyroclasts.
The lava is emitted at temperatures below 1000 °C, whereby the lava is less fluid than the Hawaiian and explosions occur, but can reach up to 12 km flow traveling before solidifying. The greatest risk is the fall of pyroclasts (lapillis and ash). Example: the Stromboli volcano and the Cumbre Vieja (La Palma), which erupted in 2021.
By blucolt (stromboli) [CC BY-SA 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Vulcan type
Its lavas are not very fluid and the gases are released violently. These eruptions are characterized by the large amounts of gases that are emitted, which cause strong explosions that can destroy part of the volcanic cone, pulverizing the lava and producing a lot of ash.
The lava solidifies quickly, leaving a rough and irregular surface. Volcanic cones have a very steep slope. The explosiveness in these volcanoes is high, the fiery clouds that can be produced being the greatest risk. Lava is expelled at temperatures below 800ºC. Example: Vulcano (Sicily).
Plinian or Vesuvian type
In these eruptions, the pressure of the gases is very strong and produces violent explosions. The fiery clouds can bury cities, as happened in Pompeii and Herculaneum with the volcano Vesuvius.
Pompeya. Imagen de Andrew Mason. CC
Pyroclastic eruptions alternate with lava flows, forming strata that make the volcano reach great dimensions. Its explosiveness and danger are extreme, emitting many gases and pyroclasts that can reach more than 20 km in height 
. Ash can reach the stratosphere and alter the climate. Explosions can destroy the volcanic cone. Examples: Teide, Fujiyama.
Parque Nacional del Teide (Tenerife)
Answer in your notebook
15.3.- What does it depend on whether the eruption of a volcano is more or less dangerous?
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